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PHOTOGRAPHYPHOTOGRAPHY Photography the perfect blend of art and science. The term “photograph” itself is essentially a combination of “photo” and “graph”, where photo means light and graph means data. Every picture you capture is information about the object - light.
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Slide5Early Study of Light The ability of light to transmit images was apparently first casually noted by the Egyptians some ten thousand years ago. Hiding from the fierce sun in their tents and huts, these ancients noted that when light reflected from objects came beaming through tiny holes in the ten walls, the colored image of an upside-down camel or person was projected onto the tent wall. Inspired by this experience, they began to experiment with ways to capture and preserve images and became the first “photographers”.
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Slide6Other Early Photographers Aristotle, the famous Greek philosopher, first described the formation of a crude optical image in about 350 B.C. He observed that when a beam of light was allowed to enter a darkened room through a small hole an image was formed. By holding a piece of paper six inches or so from the opening he was able to capture the image .Though blurred and upside down the image was recognizable.
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Slide3Leonardo DaVinci, early in the sixteenth century, diagrammed in his famous Notebooks the workings of a camera, complete with instructions on how to use it.
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Slide7The Camera Obscura The phenomenon that Aristotle described and DaVinci illustrated became known as the camera obscura. This term, meaning “dark room”, was introduced by the Italians, whose painters were among the first to make practical use of Aristotle’s discovery. In the early 1500s Italian painters used the camera obscura to improve proportion and perspective in their paintings. During the next two hundred years many improvements were made in the basic camera obscura. A glass lens that greatly sharpened the image eventually replaced the simple opening, the camera was made smaller and more portable, and mirrors were added so that the image was projected in an upright position.
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Slide9Camera Obscura Continued By the early 1700s, the basic optical equipment necessary for manufacturing a camera was available, and the camera obscura had come to look much like the basic camera of today. But the solution to the basic problem of preserving the camera’s image continued to elude scientists and inventors. It took and additional 120 years to solve that mystery. Making Images Permanent During the 1700s, several people were experimenting with chemicals that were sensitive to light. The biggest challenge facing photographers was to find a fixing agent that would make the images permanent.
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Slide14THE FIRST PHOTOGRAPH (1826) The first photograph, or the earliest known surviving photograph was taken by Joseph Nicéphore Niépce, in 1826. The image depicts the view from an upstairs window at Niépce's estate, Le Gras, in France. It is taken with a camera obscure (pinhole camera)
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Slide13THE EARLIEST CAMERA The first camera invented was mad by Alexander Wolcott - his camera design was patented on May 8th, 1840. His invention made it possible for candid photos to be taken and not fade away with time. He also has the distinction of opening the earliest photography shop – that was known as a dagurran parlor – in New York City.
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Slide12THE FIRST PHOTOGRAPH OF A Human ”Boulevard du TEMPLE” (PARIS, 1838) Boulevard du Temple, taken by Louis Daguerre in late 1838, was the first-ever photograph of a person. It is an image of a busy street, but because exposure time was over ten minutes, the city traffic was moving too much to appear. The exception is a man in the bottom left corner, who stood still getting his boots polished long enough to show up in the picture.
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Slide11THE FIRST LIGHT PICTURE AND HUMAN POTRAIT EVER TAKEN [OCT,NOV 1839] Robert Cornelius, self-portrait, Oct. or Nov. 1839, approximate quarter plate daguerreotype which is a procedure invented in 1839 using silver on a copper plate. The back reads, “The first light picture ever taken.” This self-portrait is the first photographic portrait image of a human ever produced.
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Slide10First Color Photograph [1861] Although color photography was explored throughout the 19th century, initial experiments in color resulted in projected temporary images, rather than permanent color images. Moreover until the 1870s the emulsions available were not sensitive to red or green light. The first color photo, an additive projected image of a tartan ribbon, was taken in 1861 by the Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell.
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Slide23First high speed Photograph 1878 In 1887, using a series of trip wires, Eadweard Muybridge created the first high speed photo series which can be run together to give the effect of motion pictures. High speed photography is the science of taking pictures of very fast phenomena. In 1948, the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) defined high-speed photography as any set of photographs captured by a camera capable of 128 frames per second or greater, and of at least three consecutive frames.
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Slide21Introduction A CAMERA is a device that records images, either as a still photograph or as moving images known as videos or movies. A device for taking photographs by letting light from an image fall briefly onto sensitized film, usually by means of a lens-and- shutter mechanism. vThe term camera comes from the word camera obscura (Latin for "dark chamber") vAn early mechanism of projecting images where an entire room functioned as a real-time imaging system vThe modern camera evolved from the camera obscura.
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Slide15Working Of Camera As Light wave enters the lens at an angle , it bends in One direction. It bends again when it exits the lens due to space b/w glass & air…… 1St Lens 2nd Lens
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Slide25Types of Camera FOLDING CAMERA BROWNIE BOX CAMERA VIEW CAMERA POLAROID INSTANCE CAMERA
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Slide27Folding Camera vCompact design and movable bellows vHave been in use for many years. vLens incorporated into bellows, which is slid back and forth to change focus. vDark cloth blocks out undesirable light
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Slide28BroWnie BoX Camera BroWnie BoX Camera Brownie Box Camera vEarliest cameras used by the general public. vRelatively simple in design and operation. vConsist wooden or plastic box,Drop-blade shutter, Holding device for the film. vEasy operation makes it popular camera for casual photographers.
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Slide29View Camera vUsed for portrait and still-life photography. vGeared track, precision lenses,long bellows make the camera fairly complicated. vCapture difficult subjects such as buildings with a minimum of distortion.
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Slide30Camera Lenses vThe camera lens owes to the human eye. vThe lens focuses a parallel light beam to form an inverted image. vLenses helps to avoid blurredness and far-off photographs can be easily taken. vFocal length of lens affects the field of view, magnification, and depth of field of a lens. vLight in weight and compact. v Available in the best brands
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Slide31Source:https://www.saatchiart.com/photography/fine-art https://digital-photography-school.com/what-is-fine-art- photography-and-how-to-do-it/ THANK YOU
Photography
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