Tourism

Tourism

• 1. Slide1 Introduction to Tourism
• 2. Learning        Objectives Learning Objectives Understand what tourism is and its many definitions. Learn the component of tourism and tourism management. Knows the benefits and costs of tourism
• 3. Introduction Introduction Tourism is the leader in the production of new jobs. Tourism has developed an important part of the economic foundation of many countries. Growth rate of services sector faster than any other.
• 4. Slide4
• 5. What is Tourism? What is Tourism?  Four different perspectives of tourism can be identified:  The tourist: The tourist seeks various psychic and physical experience and satisfactions. The nature of these will largely determine the destinations chosen and the activities enjoyed.  The business providing tourist goods and services: Business people see tourism as an opportunity to make a profit by supplying the goods and services that the tourist markets demand.  The government of the host community or area: politicians view tourism as a wealth factor in the economy of their jurisdiction. Their perspective is related to the income their citizens can earn from this business. They also consider the foreign exchange receipts from international tourism as well as the tax receipts collected from tourist expenditures, either directly or indirectly. The government can lay an important role in tourism policy, development, promotion and implementation.  The host community: Local people usually see tourism as a cultural and employment factor. Of importance to this group, for example, is the effect of the interaction between large numbers of international visitors and residents. This effect may be beneficial or harmful, or both.
• 6. Definition        by UNWTO Definition by UNWTO Tourism defined as “ the activities of persons traveling to and staying in place outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purpose”
• 7. Tourism Category Tourism Category Tourism can be divided by four category: 1.International tourism   Inbound tourism: Visits to a country by nonresidents Outbound tourism: Visits by residents of a country to another country    Internal tourism : Visits by resident and non residents of the country of reference Domestic tourism : Visits by residents of a country to their own country National tourism : Internal tourism plus outbound tourism
• 8. Traveler Terminology for Tourism. Traveler Terminology for Tourism.  All types of travelers engaged in tourism are described as visitors.  International visitors are persons who travel for a period not exceeding twelve months to country other than the one in which they generally reside and whose main purpose is other than exercise of an activity remunerated from within the place visited.  Internal visitors are persons who travel to destination within their country, that is outside their usual environment, for a period not exceeding twelve months.
• 9. Traveler Terminology        for Tourism Traveler Terminology for Tourism All travelers are subdivided into two further categories:  Same-day Visitors: Visitors who do not spend for the night in a collective or private accommodation in the country visited. E.g. A cruise ship passengers spending four hours in a port or days-trippers visiting attraction.
• 10. Traveler Terminology for Tourism Traveler Terminology for Tourism  Tourist: Visitors who travel to and stay in places outside their usual environment for more than twenty-four (24) hours and not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes not related to the exercise of an activity remunerated from within the place visited”.
• 11. Classification of Visitors Segments. Classification of Visitors Segments.  Organised mass tourists – These people have little or no influence over their travel experience other than to purchase one package or another. They commonly travel in a group, view the destination through the windows of a tour bus, and remain in preselected hotels. Shopping in the local market often provides their only contact with the native population.
• 12. Classification        of Visitors Segments Classification of Visitors Segments  Individual Mass Tourist – These people are similar to the previous category but have somewhat more control over their itinerary. E.g. The tourist may rent an auto to visit attractions  Explorers – These people plan for their own itinerary and make their own reservations. They tend to be sociable people who enjoy interacting with people at the destination.  Drifters – These people, the backpackers group, will seldom, if ever be found in a a traditional hotel. They may stay out at the youth hostels with friends or camp out. They tend to mix with the lower-socio-economics native groups and are commonly found riding third-class rail or bus. Most tend to be young.
• 13. Classification        of Visitors Segments Classification of Visitors Segments  Visiting Friends or Relatives (VFR) – These people are stay in the homes of friends and relatives.  Business Travelers – This often encompasses any form of business including conventions, trade shows, job seeking and many other reasons   Pleasure travel – This too is a very wide and all-encompassing classification .  Business and pleasure travelers – many convention and business travelers plan to incorporate a period of relaxation prior to or after their business.
• 14. Classification        of Visitors Segments Classification of Visitors Segments     Tag-along visitors – Members of the family are common “tag- along” visitors. The presence of tag-along children has created a sub industry of child care and entertainment. Grief travel – Family and friends attending funeral services. This types of tourist will increase in importance as society ages. Education and Religious travel – This group includes student, those on a pilgrimage, missionaries and a host of others. Pass-through tourist – The visitors who travel through the city without staying in place or just stop by.
• 15. Classification        of Visitors Segments Classification of Visitors Segments This group of person are not include as a visitors at all: Transit passengers Immigrant The army who are work at the borders The ambassador of each country
• 16. Purposes of Travel Purposes of Travel  Business  Primary activities    Conventions Consultations Inspection  Secondary activities      Dining out Recreation Shopping Sight seeing VFR
• 17. Purposes of Travel Purposes of Travel Visiting Friends or Relatives Primary activities   Socialising Dining in Home entertainment Secondary activities     Dining out Physical recreation Shopping Sight-seeing Urban entertainment
• 18. Purposes of Travel Purposes of Travel Other personal business Primary activities   Shopping Religious visit Medical appointment Secondary activities  Dining out VFR
• 19. Purposes of Travel Purposes of Travel Pleasures Primary activities   Recreation Sight-seeing Dining out Secondary activities    VFR Convention Business Shopping
• 20. Component of Tourism & Tourism        Management Component of Tourism & Tourism Management  The component of tourism including: a.The Tourist b.The Host c.Natural resources and environment
• 21. Component of Tourism & Tourism Component of Tourism & Tourism Management a.The Built Environment a.Cultural b.Infrastructure c.Technology d.Information e.Governance
• 22. Component of Tourism & Tourism        Management Component of Tourism & Tourism Management a.Operating sectors of the Tourism industry a.Transportation b.Accommodation c.Food services d.The attraction e.The events f.Adventure and Outdoor recreation g.The entertainment h.Tour operator i.Travel agent
• 23. Benefits and Costs of Tourism Benefits and Costs of Tourism   Tourism brings both economic and non-economic benefits and costs to host communities. The benefits including: a) Provides employment opportunities, both skilled and unskilled, because it is labor-intensive industry. b) Generates a supply of needed foreign exchange c) Increase income d) Creates increased gross national product e) Reinforces preservation of heritage and tradition f) Develops an infrastructure that will also help stimulate local commerce and industry g) Can be develop with local product and resources h) Spreads development
• 24. Benefits and Costs of Tourism Benefits and Costs of Tourism  The costs including: a)Develop excess demand for resources b)Create social problems c)Degrades the natural physical environment and create pollution. d)Degrades the cultural environment e)Increase the incidence of crime, prostitution and gambling f)Commercialize culture, religion and the arts g)Creates conflict in the host community h)Contributes to disease, economic fluctuation and transportation problems