Data Analytics Principles of Data Visualization

Data Analytics Principles of Data Visualization

• 1. Data AnalyticsPrinciples of Data Visualization Data Analytics Principles of Data Visualization
• 2. Why Visualizations?  Why Visualizations? Anscombe’s Quartet Identical when using summary statistics
• 3. Why Visualizations?  Why Visualizations? Anscombe’s Quartet A D B C But when graphed...
• 4. What makes a good chart? What makes a good chart? Wikipedia: Patriotic War of 1812 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Patriotic_War_of_1812_ENG_map1.svg
• 5. What makes a good chart? What makes a good chart? Minard’s map of Napoleon’s campaign into Russia, 1869 Reprinted in Tufte (2009), p. 41
• 6. What can you learn from this map? What can you learn from this map? http://www.popvssoda.com/countystats/total-county.html
• 7. What makes a good chart? What makes a good chart? Zhang et al. (2010), “A case study of micro-blogging in the enterprise: use, value, and related issues,” Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. This is from an academic conference paper. What are the problems with this chart?
• 8. Some basic principles(adapted from Tufte 2009) Some basic principles(adapted from Tufte 2009) Tufte’s fundamental principle: Above all else show the data
• 9. Principle 1: The chart should tell a story Principle 1: The chart should tell a story
• 10. Do these tell a story? Do these tell a story? http://www.evl.uic.edu/aej/491/week03.html http://flowingdata.com/2009/11/26/fox-news-makes- the-best-pie-chart-ever/
• 11. Daylight Savings Time Explained Daylight Savings Time Explained http://visual.ly/daylight-saving-time-explained
• 12. Telling a Story Telling a Story http://economix.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/05/05/obes ity-and-the-fastness-of-food/ http://flowingdata.com/2011/01/19/states-with-the-most-and-least-firearms- murders/
• 13. Principle 2: The chart should have graphical integrity Principle 2: The chart should have graphical integrity Should be ~ 1 < 1 = understated effect > 1 = exaggerated effect
• 14. Examples of the “lie factor” Examples of the “lie factor” Reprinted from Tufte (2009), p. 57 & p. 62
• 15. How is this deceptive? How is this deceptive? http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/interactive/2009/ma r/09/ food-carbon-emissions
• 16. How about this? How about this? http://20bits.com/articles/politics-and-tuftes-lie-factor/ The original graphic from Real Clear Politics, 2008. (Look at the y-axis) The adjusted graphic.
• 17. Or this? Or this? http://mediamatters.org/research/2012/10/01/a-history-of-dishonest-fox-charts/190225 The original graphic from Fox Business, 2012. The adjusted graphic.
• 18. Other tips to avoid “lying” Other tips to avoid “lying” vs.
• 19. Principle 3: The chart should minimize graphical complexity Principle 3: The chart should minimize graphical complexity Generally, the simpler the better…
• 20. When a table is better than a chart When a table is better than a chart For a few data points, a table can do just as well. The table carries more information in less space and is more precise.
• 21. The Ultimate Table: The Box Score The Ultimate Table: The Box Score Large amount of information in a very small space So why does this work? Depends on the reader’s knowledge of the data
• 22. The Business Box Score? The Business Box Score? Applying the same concept to our salesforce example. How does this help? How could it hurt? Key: TS – total sales WD – worst day BD – best day NC – number of customers DOR – days on the road
• 23. Data Ink Data Ink Should be ~ 1 < 1 = more non-data related ink in graphic = 1 implies all ink devoted to data Tufte’s principle: Erase ink whenever possible
• 24. Being conscious of data ink Being conscious of data ink Lower data-ink ratio (worse) Higher data-ink ratio (better)
• 25. What makes a good chart? What makes a good chart? Sometimes it’s really a matter of preference. These both minimize data ink. Why isn’t a table better here?
• 26. 3-D Charts 3-D Charts Evaluate this from a data-ink perspective. How does it affect the clarity of the chart?
• 27. Chartjunk: Data Ink “gone wild” Chartjunk: Data Ink “gone wild”
• 28. Example: Moiré effects (Tufte 2009) Example: Moiré effects (Tufte 2009)
• 29. Example: The Grid Example: The Grid Why are these examples of chartjunk? What could you do to remedy it?
• 30. Data Ink Working Against Us Data Ink Working Against Us http://www.economist.com/node/21537922 http://www.economist.com/node/21537909
• 31. Data Ink Working For Us Data Ink Working For Us Evaluate this chart in terms of Data Ink. Imagine this as a bar chart. As a table!!
• 32. The Infographic The Infographic http://visual.ly/what-infographic-2 Check out more at www.coolinfographics.com
• 33. Three excerpts from an infographic comparing Hurricane Sandy to Katrina Three excerpts from an infographic comparing Hurricane Sandy to Katrina http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/11/04/hurricane-sandy- vs-katrina-infographic_n_2072432.html
• 34. Picture Picture
• 35. Another example Another example http://www.biztechmagazine.com/article/2012/08/how-make-sure- your-byod-plan-all-good-infographic